Paper-making process.



D KEMEHER. PAW?? WHW Awucfmms min um Attorney ma @ma e ww. F1 #1w j 6 md M Wit@ ess Lh, f /m' /Qry D. KELLEHER. PAPER MAKING PROCESS.APPLICATION FILED JULY :0. 191s.

Patented om. 31, 1916.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2 w nl O. e wmcm be bw @Vnt lJn .A @I w l e m 0 by.90A/MAM:

Witness:

D. KELLEHER. PAPER MAKING PROCESS. Amlcmon m50 :uw 10. :91s.

Patented Oct. 31, 1916.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

0eme/ [fel/eher Inventor 5, Attorney Witness UNITEU STAT I'ATENT OFFICE.

DANIEL KELLEHER, 0F SANDUSKY, GEIQ, ASSIG-IAIOR TO HINDE da DAUCH,PAPERCOMPANY, UF SANDUSKY, OHIO.

To all `whom it may concern Be it known that I, DANIEL KELLEHER, acitizen of the United States, residing at Sandusky, Erie county, Ohio,have invented certain new and useful Inipro ements in Paper-MakingProcesses, of whic the followingis a. specication.

This invention, pertaining te paperrnelring processes, relates toprocess improvements by means of which e sheet of peper may be formed ofdesired thickness and with its fibers laid in an advantageous manner`the improved process also lending itself to the formation of seamlesspaper articles.

It is believed that in;T improved process will be best understood byfirst describing the construction and operation of an exemplifyingdevice for executing the-process, and I have chosen for illustration, amw chinefor forming seamless paper cups. In usual processes forproducing peper cups, a sheet of peper has been formed by usualpeper-making process, the sheet being later cut up into proper blanksleind seemed up by adhesive methods. In my improved process such anarticle es a paper cu p cnn be readily produced direct from pulpsolution, und without .seams in the article.

In the exeinplifying druiings, Figure 1 is a diametrical section of acupforrning screen, and immediate accessories. in the plane of line a,of Figs. 5, 3. 8 and 1): Fig. E2 a diametrical section of the inner wnllof the vacuunbpoclret in the plane of line a of Figs. 3, 5, 8 and l0:Fig. 3 a. bottoni view of the inner ivnll of the vucuumpoclretcorresponding With the lower ond of the vecu.- uni-pocket as it appears1n Fig. l.: Figzl e vertlcal section of the vat und its contarncdmechanism, in, the plane of line .fr of Figs. 3, 5, 8, 9 and l0: Fig. 5an elevation of the cuphforming screen and its carrier, this view beinga top View when considering Figs. 1, 6 and 10. and e bottom view Whenconsider in Fig. 4. and e horizontal view from the le t whenconsideriiner Fig. 8: Fig. tra side elevation of the cup-forming screenand its carrier: Fig. 7 en end view of the vnlvemechanism of thc shaftol the carrier of the vaciumrpocket: Fig- 8 e. vericni section of thevet end its contained mechanisrn in the plane oi line c of Fig. lz Fig.9 an elevetion oi the valve controlling the vacuum in the eiwit of thevacuum-pocket carrier: Fig.

` specificati on of Letters Patent.

Application led July 1G, 191B.

Patented Oct. 31, 1916. serial Nn. 108,312.

lil en end elevation of the carrier of the cup forming screen: and Fig.l1 a vertical Vsection of the exemplifying machine in the plane of linec of Fig. 4.

In the drawings, see Figs. 1, 2 and 3, 1, indicates a, screen,illustrated es of frusto conicel form suited for the formation Within itof e paper cup: 2, a carrier for this screen, the open end ofthenscreen, which is formed of an outer wire cloth member and an innerwire cloth member of liner mesh, being soldered to e. ring secured tothecarrier: 3, a, vacuum cuip surrounding the screen: 4, an inner Well orthe vacuum cup, the inner surface of this inner wall coming close to butfree from the exterior of the screen: 5, n carrier for the vacuum-cup,which vacuum-cup is capable of rotation Within its carrier: 6, a packingcarried by the carrier 5 of the vacuum-pocket, around the top of thescreen, and adapted to be engaged by the carrier 2 of the screen: 7, a.suction-pipe connected with the vacuum-pocket: 8, the vacum-space Withinthe vacuum-pocket, between its inner and outer walls, the suction-pipeconnecting with this vacuum space: 9, a narrow slot in the floor of theinner Wall of the vacuum-` pocket. this slot being diagonally arrangedin the floor in such manner, preferably, as to' trail so that. es thevacuum-pocket is rotated the upper portion of the slot is to the rear o?the lower portion: and 10, e narrow slot in the inner wall of thevacuum-pocket. this slot extending longitudinally of the wall and amVoblique to the axis of the vacuum-pocket in such manner that, es thevacuum (pocket rotetes, one end of the slot will be singularly inadvance of the other end of the slot.

Looking at Figs. l, 2 and 3, let it be assumed that screen-carrier 2with the screen is entirelyv away from the vacuum-pocket sind held inthe left hand, and assume that the carrier of the vacuum-pocket is heldin the right hand and that the vacuum spare 8 is under silctnlfrom pipe7. If, now. by proper manipulation, the screen be poked down into thevacuum-pocket andv pressed home against packing 6, the suction will notthrough slots 9 end lO and through the screen and act on any materialwhich may he within the screen. New, having the parts in the assumed o5sition and condition, let the structure un er consideration be immersedin a pulp S0111- tioni The solution will fill the screen, and,

lioo

' which the interior o the screen,

efwhose exterior` form corresponds with if the vacuum-pocket be rotated,the suctionslots 9 and `10 will produce a zone of suction travelingaround the exterior ot the screen and around under the This suctionmanifestly tends to withdraw water from the solution and to cause fibersof the solution toV hu'g the interior of the screen. The continuedrotation of the vacuum-pocket causes additional deposits of pulp uponthe interior of the screen, and this will hold good until theaccumulating deposits of pulp upon the interior of the screen haveproduced a thickness of paper sheet through suction cannot act. Owing tothe trailing singularity of 9 and 10 the suction acts in what might becalled a dragging manner upon the exterior of the screen,thusfacilitating the laying of the fibers around the interior of the screen.lf, however, while the structure is immersed in the pulp-solution, andthe fibers are being laid around the interior of the screen, the degreeof immersion of the structure within the pulpsolution be repetitivelyvaried then, manifestly, the fibers instead of being strung out in apurel circumferential manner upon the will be strung out in a helicoidalcourse, an the fibers of one heliccidal course will cross that of thepreceding course, the result being that the sheet of aper formed withinthe screen is compose argely of fibers crossing each other, asdistinguished from fibers laid strictly parallel with each other. If,now, the structure be removed from the pulp-solution, and the twocarriers with their immediate parts be separated from each solution beemptied from ther; screen, the screen will contain a sheet oi wet papert e interior form of the screen. If the screen with its paper content benow subjected to drying air the paper will become dry and the articlewill shrink and may readily leave the screen. In the above descriptionof the mode of operation of the exemplifying devices illustrated in Fis. 1, 2 and 3, it has been assumed that the evices would be operatedmanually.

Description will now be given of an exemplifying machine for giving theproper motion to the parts which have been referred to.

Continuing with the drawings, 11, indicates a vat adapted to havemaintained therein a body of pulp-solution, the carrier 5 of thevacuum-pocket being in the form of a drum mounted on a shaft journaledin the vat: 12, a drying conduit extending up from 'the vat to anyextent desired, this conduit being illustrated as going upwardly andthen horizontally and then downwardly: 13, sprocket-wheels on the shafton which is mounted the carrier 5 of the vacuumpocket: 14, endlesschains engaging these floor of the screen.l

other, and the surplus pulpsprocket-wheels and passing through thedrying conduit 12, suitable idle pulleys being provided for the guidingoithese chains, and the screen-carrier 2 being secured to these chainsin suoli manner that when the chains bring the screen carrier to thecarrier of the vacuum-pocket the screen will enter the pocket: 15,transmitting mechanism for giving continuous motion tothe chains: 16, anair inlet to the upper portion of the drying conduit, vey dehumfied airto the conduit: 17, slides carried by the ends of screen -carrier 2 andada ted for motion arallel with the axis of t e screen, the chains 14connecting with the screen-carrier through the medium of these slides:18, springs tending to urge the slides in a direction away from the openmouth of the screen: 19, rollers carried by the outside of thescreen-carrier:'and 20 cam-tracks disposed within the vat and adapted tobe engaged by rollers 19 of the screen-carrier, this cam being throatedat the point where the drum in the vat.

Looking at Fig. 8, in which the screen and its carrier are assumed asmoving toward the drum in the .vat 'the chains move the screen down tonear the drum; the rollers 19 of the screen-carrier engage the.entrancethroats of the cams; at this time the vacuumpocket 3 is inposition to receive the screen; the cams force the screen into thevacuumpocket and into sealin relationship therewith; the drum, beingdriven by the chai carries the vacuum-pocket and its associa screen downinto and through the pulpsolution; the cams maintain the properassociation of the screen with the vacuum-pocket while they are passingthrough the pulpsolution; when these arts leave the pulpsolution thechains withdraw the screen with its contents wardly then entirelythrough the the article within the screen becomes dry while passingthrough the drying and its contained article passes out of the dryingconduit and is inverted; the paperi article, having shrunkem. drops outof screen; the screen oes on to again enter the vacuum-pocket an beimmersed in the vat to form another paper artioleand so on and on andon.

While the associated vacuum-pocket and screen have been passing throughthe pulpeolution in the vat, a practical degree of vacuum has beenmaintained in the vacuumpocket to serve in withdrawing water from thepulp lying against the inner surface of the screen, and the mechanismforumcomplishing this will now be described.`

Continuing with VAthe drawings, 21, indicates a shaft journaled in thewalls of the vat and having mounted on it the carrier 5 of thevacuum-pocket, and driven by the the .75 this inlet being adapted toconthe screen-carrier approaches v ,eoi

conduit the screen isa chains 14 as has been described: 22, a passageextending longitudinally through this Shaft and. having connected withit the suction-pipe 7 of the vacuum-pocket: 23, a suction-pipe connectedwith passage 22 and adapted lor connection with appropriate clevices forproducing suction in the pipe: 24,.

a stationary register-valve engaging the open end of .shaft 21 andserving to place passage 22 of the shaft in communication withsuctioirpipe 23 at, times and cut the passage oi from communication withthe suction-pipe at other times: and 25, a handle by means of whichvalve 24 may be angularly adjusted.

While the screen and vacuum-pocket are in association with each other,and are passing through the pulp-solution in the vat, the suction isactln on the vacuum-space in the vacuum-poc et and withdrawing waterfrom the layer of pulpsolution on the interior surface of the screen,and when the screen and vacuum-pocket leave the pulpsolution the suction`will be cut ofi' by the register-valve 24, which may be adjustedangularly to suit the level of the pulp-solution in the vat and the timeof sealing the screen to and unsealing it from the vacuumpocket.

It may be here stated that, while the illustration shows the carrier 5as being provided with ;but a single vacuum-pocket, and the chainsgasbeing provided with but a singlescreen, preferable practice will pro-Vvide carrier 5 with a circumferential series of vacuum-pockets and willprovide the chains with a series of screens arranged in such manner thatsuccessive screens will be broughtI into proper association withsuccessive vacuumpockets, the shaft `21 being rovided with acircumferential series of ongitudinal passages 22 so that suction willbe applied to each couple of associated vacuu -pockets and screens astheyppass throng-lli the pulp-solution in the vat.` A

In theprevious description of the apparatus as operated manually, it wasstated that whilev the associated screen 4and vacuum-pocket `wereimmersed in the pulp-so lu tion the vacuum-pocket was given a. motion ofrotation and given a. motion of varying degrees of immersion in thepulp-solution. In the automatic machine, as the associated screen andvacuum-pocket enter and pass through and leave the pulp-solution in thevat, the degree of immersion manifestly increases as these parts enterthe vat and decrease as they leave the vat. Thy-means by whichthertmachines give rotary 'motion to the vacuum-pocket will now bedescribed.

Continuing with the drawings, and havine special reference to Fig. 4,26, indicates a vel-gear loose on shaft 21: 27, a bevelpinion engagingthis gear and fast on suction-pipe 7 of the vacuum-pocket, whichsuction-pipe is to have a lswivclcd connection with shaft 21: 28, asprocket-wheel loose on shaft 21 and fast with bevel-gear 2G 29, (Fig.11) a chain engaging sprocket wheel 28: and 30, transmitting mechanismfor giving motion to chain 29.

Begardles of Whether or not drum 5 may be in motion, chain 29 will bringabout the rotation of the vacuumpoclret, and, if drum 5 be in motion,this chain will similarly rotate the vacuum-pocket and, as thctransmission mechanism which rotates th'e vacuum-pocket on its axis isidependent of the transmission mechanism which drives chains 14 and the`drum, the speed of rotation of the vacuum-pocket on its axis may besuited to the most advantageous withdrawal of water from the pulpforming the lining of the screen.

It has been explained that the continuous movement of chains 14 carriesthe screen to and into association with the vacuumpocket, and causesthese parts' to pass through the pulp-solution in the vat, and separatesthe screen with its paper lining from the vacuum-pocket, and carries thescreen and its paperlining through the drying conduit to a point ofdischarge.

Continuing with the drawings (see Fig. 11), 31,indicates the position ofthe screencarrier and screen when the chains shall have carried themthrough and out of the drying conduit and shallv have inverted themandf32, the paper article which, by reason of the drying operation inthe drA ing conduit, has shrunken and fallen out of the screen.

Claim is not herein made .for the machine set forth in the exemplifyingdrawings 'as that machine'forms the subject-matter of United StatesPatent No. 1,179,840, granted April 18th, 1916, on my application.

I claim 1. The improvement in paper-making processes which consists, insubjecting a i screen-surface to a body of pulp-solution stationaryrelative to the screen, applying suction over a. narrow area to thesurface of the screen opposite the surface which is subjected to thepulpsolution, shifting the narrow suction-area relative to the screenand pulp-solution at substantially right angles to the length of thesuction-area so that the suction 'acts upon portions of the subjected tothe pulp-solution,.shifting the narrow suction-area relative to thescreen and pulp-solution at 'substantially right angles to the length ofthe suction-area so that the suction acts upon portions of the screensuccessively, causing the suction to act upon the screen in a directiontrailing with reference to the direction of shifting of thesuction-area, and successively repeating the shifting of the suctionarea relative to the screen and pulp-solution so that the suction actsrepeatedly on the screen and pulp-solution, substantially as set forth.

3. The improvement in paper-makingprocesses which consists, insubjecting a screensurface to a nlp-solution, applying suction to theopposi e side of the screen over a narrow area while the first side ofthe screen is being subjected to the pulp-solution, shifting the narrowsuction-area relative to the screen at substantially right angles to thelength of the suction-areasuccessively repeating the subjection of thescreen to the pulp-solution and to the suction, removing the -screenwith its deposited ulp from ,further subjection to the pulp-so utio`nand to the suction, and subjecting the screen while the deposited pulpis upon it to the action of drying air, whereby fibers 'from the;pulp-solution are drawn to the -iirst screenlsurface vand laid thereonand over each other and Water'is drawn .therefrom through the screen andthe pulp-formation is'dried upon the screen, substantially as set forth.

4. The improvement in paper-making processes which consists, inimmersing a. screen-surface in a pulp-solution while the oppositesurface of the screen is guarded `:trom the pulp-solution, applyingsuction to the opposite side of the screen overa narrow area while therst side ofthe screen is being subjected to the pulpsolution, shiftingthe narrow suction-area relative to the screen at substantially right.angles to the length of the suction-area, successivel repeating thesubjection of the screen to t e pulp-solution and the suctiommnd varyingthe de th of immersion of the screen in the pnl -so ution, wherebyfibers from the pulp-so uton nre drawn to the first screen-surface andlaid thereon and diagonally over each other and l water is drawntherefrom through the screen, substantially es not forth.

5. The improvement in paper making processes which consists, insubjecting a screen-surface to a body of pulp-solution stationaryrelative to the screen, applying suction over anarrowarca to the surfaceof the screen opposite the surface which is subjected to thepulp-solution, shifting the nar row suction-area relative to the screenand pulp-solution at substantially right angles to the vlength of thesuction-area so that the suction acts upon portions of the screensuccessively, and successively repeating the shifting of the suctionarea relative to the screen and pulp-solution so that the suction actsrepeatedly on the screen and pulp-solution and Vcontinuing such actionof the suction upon the screen and pulp-solution so long as the screenis subjected to the pulpsolution, substantially as set forth.

6. The improvement in paper-making processes whichconsists, insubjecting one entire surface of an uninterrupted screen to n body ofpulp-solution stationary relative to the screen, applying suction over anarrow area to the surface of the screen opposite the surface which issubjected to the pulp-solution, shifting the narrow suction-arenrelative to the screen and pulp-solution at substantially right anglesto the length of the suction-arearso that the -suetion acts upon allportions of the screen successively, and successively repeating theshifting of the .suction-area relative to the screen andpulp-V solutionso that the suction acts repeated y on the screen and pulp-solution,substantially as set forth.

7. The improvement in paperhmaking processes which consists, in lodginga layer of pulp on one surface of a. screen immersed in a pulp-solution,draining moisture from the deposited pulp by means of suction applied atthe opposite surface of thescreen, lodging successive layers of pulp onthe first layer while the suction through the screen continues,withdrawin the screen and its accumulated pulp from t e solution,applying dr ing air t0 the screen and the eccumullat layer of pul on thescreen and removing the resulting ry from the screen, substantiallyasset forth; DANIEL ELLEHER.

S Fnomun, R. M. TA1-non.

ipaper formation

